•Pupils of Queen’s College Lagos in the computer classroom. Courtesy Google
Teachers
agree that the revision of the Senior Secondary Education Curriculum
(SSEC) was done with the best of intentions, but they are worried by its
implementation. ADEGUNLE OLUGBAMILA reports.
What
is in a curriculum, some are wont to ask? Plenty, say principals of
secondary schools, who rose from a meeting in Lagos last week, seeking a
modification of the revised Senior Secondary Education Curriculum
(SSEC). They believe that the curriculum cannot be implanted as it is.
Reason: the demands of the curriculum cannot be met by the realities on
ground.
While
hailing the National Education Research and Development Council (NERDC)
for the revised SSEC, the All Nigeria Confideration of Principals of
Secondary Schools (ANCOPSS) said as laudable as the revision is, it is
fraught with danger. ANCOPSS' National Executive Council (NEC) met in
Lagos to examine the issue under the theme: "The New SSEC: Application
and Challenges to School Administrator."
Schools
began using the curriculum during the 2010/2011 academic session, with
the first set of pupils that passed through nine years of basic
education (six years of primary and three years of junior secondary
education) introduced by the former President Obasanjo administration on
September 30, 1999.
The
aim of the curriculum is to make pupils well-rounded in learning and
character, and designed to make secondary school leavers self-reliant
upon graduation. The curriculum reduces in the number of subjects
offered at each of the basic education levels from 22 to between 11 and
14. It also emphasises experiential learning, and introduction of
vocational subjects into primary school curriculum. It is expected that
collaboration during schools, the organised private sector, craftsmen
and artisans in the local industry, would provide workplace experience
for pupils through the much desired traditional education tool of
'learning by doing', and schooling beyond participant-observation. The
curriculum has five cross-cutting core subjects, English Studies General
Mathematics, Entrepreneurial Trade subject, Computer Studies, and Civic
Education. It also has four distinct fields of study as Senior
Secondary Education Science, Humanities, Technology and Business with 34
Entrepreneurial Trades to provide required skills for job creation and
poverty eradication.
Some
of the trade subjects are: GSM Technology, Book keeping, Clothing and
Textile, Woodwork, Building Construction, Auto mechanics, Technical
Drawing, Home Management, Food and Nutrition, Typewriting and Shorthand.
Others are: Carpentry, Basic Electronics, Applied Electricity,
Agricultural Science, Principles of Accounts, and Commerce.
Teachers fear that the demands of the curriculum do not reflect the situation in most states.
A
delegate from Taraba, who pleaded not to be named, said apart from
inadequate facilities, the state lacks teachers especially in core
subjects.
He
said: "There is lack of personnel in most of the schools in Taraba. "In
most schools, we don't have teachers in English and Maths. We only make
do with corps members posted to serve in the state, but there is no
continuity since they usually come and go. Yet our students are expected
to write the same external exams with their counterparts in other
states that have permanent teachers."
He
said they improvise by "going out to private schools where we pay the
teachers some kind of part-time money to teach the pupils. But it's not
helping much; what we need are permanent teachers.
"I
put the blame on (state) government. In those days, teachers of English
and Maths are paid certain subject allowances which ginger would-be
teachers to go into those fields. But now, the state has scrapped it,
and so people no longer wish to go for those tasking subjects again.
They prefer subjects that are comfortable."
A
teacher in a public school in Lagos said to implement the new
curriculum, some teachers now teach trade subjects related to their
subject areas.
She
said: "We have started implementing. What they did in my school was to
go into teachers records to check their background. For instance,
Social Studies teachers can teach Civic Education; an Economics teacher
can teach Commerce; while Home Economics teacher can teach Home
Management, food and nutrition. This new curriculum is going to give
problems. The combination is even weird that we keep going back to
check it for clarity."
Principal
of FESTAC Senior College in Lagos, Mr Abayomi Adegunle said the school
only picked five of the 34 entrepreneurial trade subjects.
He
said: "We use teachers with relative subjects for the vocational
subjects. For instance, My Commerce teacher now combines it with
Insurance; Account teacher takes Book Keeping; while Civic Education is
handled by the Government teacher. We also sent the Physics teacher for a
successful training in Computer and he will now combine an additional
12 periods to the 12 he already has for Physics."
Mr Kareem Olanrewaju of Rockville College in Ojo, Lagos, said the curriculum is being implemented skeletally.
"We
hope to commence its full implementation when the children resume in
the new session. For now, we have collapsed some of those vocational
subjects under Creative Arts. For instance, the Intro Tech. teacher now
combines welding and carpentry, and electronics and all that. We are
only managing the resources at our disposal," he said.
ANCOPSS
chair for Kaduna State Kassim Inuha Zom told The Nation that the
association organised a sensitisation workshop for about 250 teachers on
the new curriculum. The training, he said would be ineffective without
the tools teachers need to work, especially those in rural areas.
He
said: "The scenario is an eyesore here. There are inadequate computers
in the schools, and ICT (Information and Communication Technology),
according to the new curriculum, should be a compulsory subject. The
situation is a bit better in Zaria because we still have few computers
in some schools. But outside Zaria and in the hinterlands, the situation
is so bad."
Another
challenge of the curriculum is the stipulation that artisans be invited
to provide practical training in various trades. Zom thinks this may
be problematic because many of such unskilled workers are not literate.
"The
new system also stipulates that we buy machines and employ artisans;
people that we don't have on ground to teach the children. The problem
is that how do we do these things. I personally forsee a problem in
future because the artisans are generally not educated people and our
children will be writing exams created for educated people. Teachers are
willing to adapt to the new curriculum but these are the constraints,"
he said.
Former
ANCOPSS National President Chief Adeniyi Falade said there must be a
system in place to support the involvement of artisans in the school
system.
"What
are the efforts made in that regard to bring in artisans? It is not
school administrators that should bring in the teachers. It has to be
regulated, it has to be formalised. At least in every state, there is a
board for technical education. They should be responsible for coming
up with the modalities of how the artisans will be brought into the
schools," he said.
Falade
is worried that if things continue this way it will be difficult to
examine pupils in the subjects when they sit for the Senior School
Certificate Examination in 2014.
He
said: "Like other policies before this curriculum, implementation has
always been our problem giving the impression that our leaders are not
interested in providing quality education.
"For
the traditional subjects like English, Physics Chemistry and Biology,
the teachers are not there. You now have teachers under the trade
section - fisheries, hair dressing, how do you get the teachers for it?
A year has already gone and these children are supposed to write exam
based on the curriculum in 2014. My school is a typical public
secondary school. The problems we are grappling with - lack of funds;
we don't have teachers in the right quality or quantity, the children
are not ready to learn and parents are not really parenting."
Except
there is urgent intervention in Bayelsa overcrowded classrooms and
dilapidated facilities will hamper implementation of the curriculum,
according to the state's ANCOPSS secretary, Francis Obong. He said
education has suffered such devastating blow in the past that the
administration of Governor Seriake Dickson has declared a state of
emergency in the sector.
Hear
him: "A new government has just come on board, and we want to give it
the benefit of the doubt because it has declared a state of emergency in
education. Before the new government, we had the challenges of
infrastructure and dilapidated houses.
"For
instance, in DGSS Akemfa, a school where I presently serve as the
principal, the population is about 800 pupils; but we have just six
blocks of classrooms. Each classroom houses between 120 and 150 as
against the 30-35 pupils recommended per class. How do you think the new
curriculum will work? Aside, manpower is not there, and there is no
incentive for teachers. So, we are not even talking about computers now.
Dilapidated structures need to be given a facelift and teachers'
welfare package improved before we start talking about ICT."
In
Rivers State, where the government has done well in rehabilitating and
equipping schools, ANCOPSS President (Southsouth) Dr Augusta Fubara said
teachers still need to be encouraged.
"In
all fairness, the government of Rivers State is trying to meet the
challenge of the curriculum. But we are still telling them (government)
to do more. Teachers are ready to work if government encourages us with
provision of tools and conducive atmosphere," he said.
ANCOPSS
is seeking inclusion in the drafting of the curriculum in future and
increased sensitisation and capacity building to help teachers implement
the curriculum. But NERDC Executive Secretary Prof Godswill Obioma said
the agency cannot be faulted as it prepared the curriculum three years
ahead of its implementation and informed the states and other relevant
stakeholders.
He
said: "The SSS curriculum which started last year was approved by the
National Council for Education (NCE) in December 2008. The idea behind
its advance approval was to enable state governments put in facilities
and structures ahead of its implementation. So let the principals
channel their grievances to their respective state governments."
On the claim of non-inclusion of ANCOPSS in the drafting of the curriculum, Obioma said qualified professionals were involved.
"The
SSS curriculum was drafted by experienced secondary school teachers
both public and private and university lecturers. We don't invite unions
or institutions but qualified personnel nominated by their state
governments. We have all the names and addresses of those invited in the
drafting," he said.
Critical
to the implementation of the curriculum, especially the ICT subject is
the availability of electricity to power the computers.
To
correct this, National ANCOPSS President, Hajia Fatima Abdulrahman has
appealed to the Federal Government and other stakeholders to intervene
as inadequate power supply would make it difficult to implement the
ICT and other vocations that may require electricity to function
appropriately.
"We
know the challenges of power. We hope government does something
especially in schools in the hinterland. We are equally calling on
non-governmental organisations and well-meaning individuals to assist us
in this cause", she said.